About Concussion

Concussion Information

A concussion is a condition that results in a temporary disruption in the normal functioning of the brain as a result of an injury.  This  injury is often classified as ‘minor’ and can happen as a result of a fall, road traffic accident, assault or as part of playing sports ( football, rugby, hockey ). People with concussions often cannot remember what happened immediately before or after the injury and may act confused.

Most concussions get better on their own. However, many patients experience ongoing problems even two weeks after then event, and some symptoms may persist beyond this time. As a results most Neurosurgeons and other brain-injury experts emphasise that although some concussions are less serious than others, there is no such thing as a "minor concussion.”

Every concussion is potentially serious and should be evaluated by an expert.

What are the common symptoms of a concussion ?

Concussion affect different people in different ways. The most common symptom is dizziness and headache, but people report a wide range of symptoms which can include:

What are the problems with a concussion ?

Post-concussive Syndrome

People who suffer a concussion may suffer from side effects that persist for weeks or even months. When this happens this is known as post-concussive syndrome. Symptoms are similar to those experienced initially, and include memory and concentration problems, mood swings and personality changes. This prevents a return to normal life.

Second-impact Syndrome

This condition is rare, happening once a year, but it can lead to death. Second-impact syndrome results from acute, often fatal brain swelling that occurs when a second concussion is sustained before complete recovery from a previous concussion.

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy

This is a condition that is thought to be related to multiple minor injuries to the brain accumulated over time. It has been noted in a lot of american football players and is now being increasingly recognised in amateur and professional athletes in the UK and worldwide. There is no way of predicting this at this moment in time, but recognition of this syndrome has put a new emphasis on the importance of concussion assessment, and decision making about returning to contact sports. 

When do concussion symptoms appear?

Concussion symptoms normally appear within minutes of the blow to the head although symptoms may develop after a few hours. It is important to realise that symptoms may change and others develop. This can be a result of the brain being stressed even by such activities as reading or running.

When should I seek attention ?

All concussions should be taken seriously and should be seen by an expert. If no care in hospital is required an appointment with a specialist should be arranged as early as possible of the injury to ensure optimal recovery.